RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Dengue and chikungunya infection in neurologic disorders from endemic areas in Brazil JF Neurology: Clinical Practice FD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins SP 497 OP 502 DO 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000776 VO 10 IS 6 A1 Mello, Cíntia da Silva A1 Cabral-Castro, Mauro Jorge A1 Silva de Faria, Luiz Claudio A1 Peralta, José Mauro A1 Puccioni-Sohler, Marzia YR 2020 UL http://cp.neurology.org/content/10/6/497.abstract AB Objective To detect the frequency of dengue virus (DENV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) in adult patients with suspected viral infection of the CNS or postinfectious syndromes living in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Methods DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV RNA by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and specific IgM antibodies were investigated in 47 CSF and serum samples of 36 adult patients suspected with viral infection or postinfectious neurologic diseases. In addition, intrathecal synthesis of anti-DENV and anti-CHIKV IgG antibodies was also evaluated using a specific antibody index.Results Of the total group, neuroinvasive arbovirus was confirmed in 31% (11/36) of the cases: 6 (55%) by RT-PCR in CSF and/or serum, 1 (9%) by RT-PCR in CSF and/or serum and specific IgM in CSF, and 4 (36%) by specific IgM in CSF. Five cases had DENV infection, and 6 patients were positive for CHIKV. No sample amplified for ZIKV. In addition, 3 of 7 (42%) tested cases had intrathecal synthesis of DENV or CHIKV antibodies. The neurologic complications included encephalitis (7), Guillain-Barré syndrome (2), optic neuritis (1), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (1), polyneuropathy, (1) and myelitis (1).Conclusion DENV and CHIKV are a frequent cause of emerging and reemerging infections. It increases the number of cases with neurologic complications worldwide. We demonstrated that the combined use of molecular and immunologic tests in CSF/serum might support more widely the diagnosis of neurologic disorders caused by arbovirus in endemic areas. The detection of intrathecal synthesis of specific IgG antibodies may be promising for the retrospective diagnosis of neuroinvasive disorders caused by arbovirus.