RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Achieving effective patient and public involvement in international clinical trials in neurology JF Neurology: Clinical Practice FD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins SP 265 OP 272 DO 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000739 VO 10 IS 3 A1 Emma C. Tallantyre A1 Nikos Evangelou A1 Clare Bale A1 Burhan Z. Chaudhry A1 Emma H. Gray A1 Nicholas LaRocca A1 Sue Pavitt A1 Deborah M. Miller A1 Sarah M. Planchon A1 Daniel Ontaneda A1 Ana Manzano YR 2020 UL http://cp.neurology.org/content/10/3/265.abstract AB There is a growing need for patient and public involvement (PPI) to inform the way that research is developed and performed. International randomized controlled trials are particularly likely to benefit from PPI, but guidance is lacking on how or when it should be incorporated. In this article, we describe the PPI process that occurred during the design and initiation of an international treatment clinical trial in MS. PPI was incorporated using a structured approach, aiming to minimize bias and achieve equivalence in study design, implementation, and interpretation. Methods included PPI representation within the study research team, and the use of focus groups, analyzed using thematic framework analysis. We report the outcomes of PPI and make recommendations on its use in other neurology clinical trials. By sharing our model for PPI, we aim to maximize effectiveness of future public involvement and to allow its effect to be better evaluated.