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February 2023; 13 (1) RESEARCH ARTICLEOpen Access

Enrollment of Participants From Marginalized Racial and Ethnic Groups

A Comparative Assessment of the STEADY-PD III and SURE-PD3 Trials

Daniel G. Di Luca, Eric A. Macklin, Karen Hodgeman, Gisel Lopez, Lindsay Pothier, Katherine F. Callahan, Jill Lowell, James Chan, Aleksandar Videnovic, Codrin Lungu, Anthony E. Lang, Irene Litvan, Michael A. Schwarzschild, Tatyana Simuni
First published January 18, 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200113
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Article Information

vol. 13 no. 1 e200113
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200113
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
2163-0402
Online ISSN: 
2163-0933
History: 
  • Received March 17, 2022
  • Accepted October 11, 2022
  • First Published January 18, 2023.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Daniel G. Di Luca, MD,
    2. Eric A. Macklin, PhD,
    3. Karen Hodgeman,
    4. Gisel Lopez,
    5. Lindsay Pothier,
    6. Katherine F. Callahan,
    7. Jill Lowell,
    8. James Chan, PhD,
    9. Aleksandar Videnovic, MD, MSc,
    10. Codrin Lungu, MD,
    11. Anthony E. Lang, MD,
    12. Irene Litvan, MD,
    13. Michael A. Schwarzschild, MD, PhD and
    14. Tatyana Simuni, MD, FAAN
  1. Daniel G. Di Luca, MD,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Eric A. Macklin, PhD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Biogen, (2)Stoparkinson Healthcare, (3) Novartis, (4) Sanofi, (5) Alector, (6) Bial Biotech, (7) Cerevance, (8) Cortexyme, (9) Enterin, (10) InTrance, (11) nQ Medical, (12) Partner Therapeutics, (13) UCB, (14) Chase Therapeutics

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Alector, (2) Amylyx, (3) Biohaven, (4) Calico Life Sciences, (5) Clene Nanomedicine, (6) Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America, (7) Prilenia, (8) Revalesio, (9) Seelos, (10) UCB Ra Pharma

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) NIH/NINDS, U01NS090259, Co-Investigator, 2015-2023,(2) DoD, W81XWH1710121, Statistician, 2017-2023,(3) NIH/NINDS, R01NS102735, Statistician, 2018-2023,(4) NIH/NINDS, U01NS107009, Statistician, 2018-2023,(5) DoD, W81XWH1910184, Co-Investigator, 2019-2023,(6) NIH/NINDS, R01NS110879, Statistician, 2019-2024,(7) NIH/NINDS, U01NS114001, Co-Investigator, 2019-2023,(8) NIH/NCCIH, R01AT010462, Co-Investigator, 2020-2024,(9) NIH/NIA, R01AG047975, Statistician, 2021-2026,(10) NIH/NINR, R01NR019982, Co-Investigator, 2021-2026,(11) NIH/NIA, R21AG067091, Co-Investigator, 2021-2023,(12) NIH/NIA, R01AG075899, Co-Investigator, 2022-2027, (13) DoD, W81XWH2210293, Co-Investigator, 2022-2025, (14) NIH/NIA, R01AG078204, Statistician, 2022-2025,(15) NIH/NIA, R21AG075187, Statistician, 2022-2024

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) NIH/NINDS, U01NS090259, Co-Investigator, 2015-2023,(2) DoD, W81XWH1710121, Statistician, 2017-2023,(3) NIH/NINDS, R01NS102735, Statistician, 2018-2023,(4) NIH/NINDS, U01NS107009, Statistician, 2018-2023,(5) DoD, W81XWH1910184, Co-Investigator, 2019-2023,(6) NIH/NINDS, R01NS110879, Statistician, 2019-2024,(7) NIH/NINDS, U01NS114001, Co-Investigator, 2019-2023,(8) NIH/NCCIH, R01AT010462, Co-Investigator, 2020-2024,(9) NIH/NIA, R01AG047975, Statistician, 2021-2026,(10) NIH/NINR, R01NR019982, Co-Investigator, 2021-2026,(11) NIH/NIA, R21AG067091, Co-Investigator, 2021-2023,(12) NIH/NIA, R01AG075899, Co-Investigator, 2022-2027, (13) DoD, W81XWH2210293, Co-Investigator, 2022-2025, (14) NIH/NIA, R01AG078204, Statistician, 2022-2025,(15) NIH/NIA, R21AG075187, Statistician, 2022-2024

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Karen Hodgeman,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Gisel Lopez,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Non-profit, Funding for travel, MDA (Muscular Dystrophy Association)

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. Associate Director Alliance Management, 1 year

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Lindsay Pothier,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Katherine F. Callahan,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Jill Lowell,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. James Chan, PhD,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Aleksandar Videnovic, MD, MSc,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Commercial:CoA TherapeuticsAlexion Syneos Health

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Disorders of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Parkinson's Disease, Springer, 2015REM Sleep Behavior Disorder, Springer, 2018

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. CommercialXW PharmaONO Pharma

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIH/NINDS, R01 NS099055, PI, 2016-2022:NIH/NINDS, U01 NS114001-01, PI, 2019-2023NIH/NINDS, R21 NS101376-01A1, PI, 2019-2021

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Codrin Lungu, MD,
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Editorial faculty, Practice Update, from Elsevier, inc. Receiving honoraria since 2014.

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. Starting 08/29/2022 employed by Pfizer, inc.

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Starting 08/29/2022, full time employee of Pfizer, inc.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. Anthony E. Lang, MD,
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. AbbVie, AFFiRis, Alector, Amylyx, Biogen, BioAdvance, Biohaven, BlueRock, BMS, CoA Therapeutics, Denali, Janssen, Jazz, Lilly, Novartis, Paladin, Retrophin, Roche, Sun Pharma, and UCB

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Sun Pharma, AbbVie, Paladin, and Sunovion

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Movement Disorders Clinical PracticeJournal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and PsychiatryAnnals of Neurology

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Schapira A, Lang AE, Fahn S. Movement Disorders 4. Saunders, Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA 2009.Olanow CW, Stocchi F, Lang AE. The Non-motor and Non-Dopaminergic Features of Parkinson’s Disease. Wiley-Blackwell, UK. 2011.Weiner WJ, Shulman LM, Lang AE. Parkinson’s Disease: A Complete Guide for Patients and Families. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2001Receives publishing royalties from Cambridge University Press.

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Parkinson's UKMSA CoalitionDefeat MSAVan Andel Institute

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Brain Canada,Canadian Institutes of Health ResearchOntario Brain Institute

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Edmond J Safra Philanthropic Foundation, Michael J. Fox Foundation, Parkinson Foundation, Parkinson Canada, W. Garfield Weston FoundationRossy Family Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  12. Irene Litvan, MD,
    13. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Rossy PSP Center at the University of Toronto

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Chief Editor: Frontiers in Movement Disorders

    Patents:

    1. Levodopameter

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Roche, Abbvie, Biogen, Centogene. EIP-Pharma, Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, and United Biopharma SRL - UCB.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. National Institutes of Health grants: 2R01AG038791-06A, U01NS090259,U01NS100610, U01NS80818, R25NS098999, P20GM109025; U19 AG063911-1 and 1R21NS114764-01A1

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Michael J Fox Foundation, Parkinson Foundation, Lewy Body Association, CurePSP

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  13. Michael A. Schwarzschild, MD, PhD and
    14. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research SAB(New York, NY) [2017-2019](2) Cure Parkinson's Trust foundation Linked Clinical Trialsprogram SAB (London, UK) [~2012- ](3) Corticobasal Degeneration Solutions Foundation SAB(Stockholm, Sweden)(5) Eli Lilly & Company (clinical trial DSMB service); 2018-2021(6) Prevail Therapeutics (clinical advisory board); 2018-2019(7) Parkinson's Foundation (Genetics initiative advisoryboard); 2018-(8) X-linked Dystonia Parkinsonism Clinical Center; 2018-(9) Denali Therapeutics (clinical advisory board); 2019(10) Chase Therapeutics (clinical development advisory board, via PSG); 2019-2020(11) Partner Therapeutics, Inc. (clinical advisory board, via PSG)(12) NIH/NIA-funded TOPAZ trial SC via Sutter Health(13) NIH/NINDS-funded SPARX3 trial SC(14) STEPWISE trial SC via Farmer Family Foundation award(15) Bial Pharmaceuticals (via the Parkinson Study Group)(16) Biogen (via the Parkinson Study Group); 2021 -(17 ) UCB (via the Parkinson Study Group); 2022

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. •Denali Therapeutics, seminar speaker (2019)All others are non-profit entities:•Krembil Conference (Toronto) lecture (2019)•World Parkinson Congress, travel/honorarium (2006,2010,2013,2016,2019)•Parkinson Study Group symposium/meeting •for Cure Parkinson's Trust program SAB mtg. (Windsor,UK; Grand Rapids, MI)•for Cure Parkinson's Trust program SAB mtg. (GrandRapids, MI); (travel)

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Journal of Adenosine and Caffeine Research, Editorialadvisory board (2018-2020)Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, Editorialadvisory board (2018-)

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. Massachusetts General Hospital (sole employer; non-profit)

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) Harvard University (Parkinson's disease case reviews and epidemiology research); ~2002-present(2) New Beta-Innovations, Inc (Hong Kong); 2016(3) Eli Lilly & Company (clinical trial DSMB service); 2018-2021(4) Prevail Therapeutics, Inc (New York City); 2018-2019(5) Denali Therapeutics (Nice, France); 2019(6) Parkinson Study Group services to nQ Medical (Cambridge, MA; 2019); Chase Therapeutics (Washington, DC; 2019), Partner Therapeutics (virtual; 2020), Bial (virtual; 2021-), Biogen (virtual; 2021-), UCB (virtual; 2022-)

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. •NIH R01 NS110879 (PI) 08/01/19 – 05/31/24•NIH U01 NS107009 (a PI) 07/01/18 to 04/30/23•NIH R01NS102735 (Co-Investigator [Xiqun Chen, PI]) 4/1/18 - 3/31/23 •NIH R13 NS111953 (PI) 04/01/19 – 03/31/22•NIH R13 (co-I) 2022-2023•NIH U01 NS090259 (PI) 9/1/2015 to 6/30/2020•NIH R01 (Collaborator [A. Ascherio, PI])

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. grant support via my institution (MGH) on projects for which I amthe Principal Investigator:(1) Michael J. Fox Foundation/ASAP(2) Parkinson's Foundation(3) Farmer Family Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. license fee distributions:(1) Adenosine A2A receptor knockout mice, via MGH (which receivespayments from The Jackson Laboratory via licensingagreements); ~2001-present(2) floxed urate oxidase mice, via MGH; 2020-

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  14. Tatyana Simuni, MD, FAAN
    15. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. 4D Pharma, Acadia, AcureX, AskBio, Amneal, Blue Rock Therapeutics, Caraway Therapeutics, Critical Path for Parkinson's Consortium (CPP), Denali, Michael J Fox Foundation, Neuroderm, Sanofi, Sinopia, Sunovion, Roche, Takeda, UCB, Vanqua Bio and Voyager

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Acadia, Abbvie, Accorda, Adamas, Allergan, Amneal, Anavex, Aptinyx, Blue Rock therapeutics, Denali, General Electric ( GE), Neuroderm, Neurocrine, Sanofi, Sinopia, Sunovion, TEVA, Takeda, Voyager, US World Meds, Parkinson’s Foundation, and the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Dr. Simuni has received research funding from Amneal, Biogen, Roche, Neuroderm, Sanofi, Prevail and UCB.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Michael J. Fox Foundation, Parkinson’s Foundation.​

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease (DGDL, AEL), Movement Disorders Clinic, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital; Institute of Health Policy (DGDL), Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Biostatistics Center (EAM, JC), Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School (EAM, AV, MAS), Boston, MA; University of Rochester Medical Center (KH, JL), NY; Department of Neurology (GL, LP, KFC, AV, MAS), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Division of Clinical Research (CL), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD; University of California San Diego (IL), CA; and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (TS), Chicago, IL.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Schwarzschild michaels{at}helix.mgh.harvard.edu
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The Nerve!: Rapid online correspondence

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