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October 2021; 11 (5) Research

International Recommendations for the Management of Adults Treated With Ketogenic Diet Therapies

Mackenzie C. Cervenka, Susan Wood, Manny Bagary, Antoaneta Balabanov, Eduard Bercovici, Mesha-Gay Brown, Orrin Devinsky, Cherubino Di Lorenzo, Colin P. Doherty, Elizabeth Felton, Laura A. Healy, Pavel Klein, Magnhild Kverneland, Danielle Lambrechts, Jennifer Langer, Janak Nathan, Jude Munn, Patty Nguyen, Matthew Phillips, Kelly Roehl, Adrianna Tanner, Clare Williams, Beth Zupec-Kania
First published October 30, 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001007
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Article Information

vol. 11 no. 5 385-397
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001007
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
2163-0402
Online ISSN: 
2163-0933
History: 
  • Received November 14, 2019
  • Accepted October 16, 2020
  • First Published October 30, 2020.

Article Versions

Copyright & Usage: 
© 2021 American Academy of Neurology

Author Disclosures

    1. Mackenzie C. Cervenka, MD*,
    2. Susan Wood, RD*,
    3. Manny Bagary, FRCPsych,
    4. Antoaneta Balabanov, MD,
    5. Eduard Bercovici, MD, FRCP,
    6. Mesha-Gay Brown, MD,
    7. Orrin Devinsky, MD,
    8. Cherubino Di Lorenzo, MD,
    9. Colin P. Doherty, MD, FRCPI,
    10. Elizabeth Felton, MD, PhD,
    11. Laura A. Healy, RD, PhD,
    12. Pavel Klein, MD, FAAN, FAES,
    13. Magnhild Kverneland, RD,
    14. Danielle Lambrechts, MD, PhD,
    15. Jennifer Langer, MD,
    16. Janak Nathan, MD,
    17. Jude Munn, RD,
    18. Patty Nguyen, RD,
    19. Matthew Phillips, FRACP,
    20. Kelly Roehl, MS,
    21. Adrianna Tanner, MD, FAES,
    22. Clare Williams, BHSc Hons and
    23. Beth Zupec-Kania, RD
  1. Mackenzie C. Cervenka, MD*,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Glut1 Deficiency Foundation

    Gifts:

    1. (1) Philanthropic support from an individual.

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) American Epilepsy Society, Honorarium (2) The Neurology Center, Honorarium (3) Epigenix, Honorarium (4) LivaNova, Honorarium (5) Nutricia, Honorarium

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. (1) The Ketogenic and Modified Atkins Diets, DemosHealth, Springer Publishing Company, LLC., 2016

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) Sage Therapeutics (2) Glut1 Deficiency Foundation (3) Nutricia

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Nutricia (2) Vitaflo

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Army Research Laboratory

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) BrightFocus Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Susan Wood, RD*,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Nutricia UK, Advisory Board on Adult Epilepsy

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Nutricia UK, speaker honoraria Vitaflo UK, speaker honoraria Dr Schär Keto Nutrition, speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical procedures or imaging studies:

    1. Matthew's Friends Clinic/ Charity, Ketogenic Diet Therapies, 100%, 9 years.

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Manny Bagary, FRCPsych,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Eisai, LivaNova, Nutricia, UCB -Speaker fees

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. Eisai, LivaNova, Nutricia, UCB -Speaker fees

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Nutricia - research grant

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Antoaneta Balabanov, MD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Eduard Bercovici, MD, FRCP,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Sunovion - chair advisory board

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Sunovion, UCB, Eisai; speaking honorarium, travel grant for conferences

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Sunovion to provide feedback on patient educational material

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Mesha-Gay Brown, MD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Orrin Devinsky, MD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology; Oxford University Press, 2002 Epilepsy: Patient and Family Guide, Demos Press, 2008 Alternative Therapies for Epilepsy, Demos Press, 2012 Epilepsy In Children, Demos Press, 2015

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. I have consulted for GW Pharmaceuticals and Cavion and The Center for Discovery and TIlray

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other activities:

    1. Scientific Advisory Board and/or Equity Interest for Estate biosciences, Tevard, Egg Rock, Engage, Empatica, Rettco, Receptor Life Sciences, California Cannabis Enterprises and Tilray. Principal Investigator, North American SUDEP Registry and Sudden Unexplained Childhood Death Registry and Research Collaborative Funded by NINDS, NIMH, Dept of Defense, CDC

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. For research support: GW Pharmaceuticals Novartis Marinus PTC Pharma Ovid Pharma Silver Spike Epilepsy Foundation Script Therapeutics Regel Therapeutics Eisai Therapeutics

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Ongoing Support NIH U01 NS090407 (PI: S. Lhatoo) 09/30/14 – 7/31/2019 Center for SUDEP Research: Autonomic and Imaging Biomarkers of SUDEP The principal aim is to identify the central mechanisms and markers of autonomic and respiratory dysfunction that underlie the fatal scenario in SUDEP, and thus, provide insights into potential interventions. Role: Co-Investigator NIH U01 NS090415 (PIs: M. Thom, O. Devinsky) 9/30/14 – 7/31/2019 Center for SUDEP Research: The Neuropathology of SUDEP: The central autonomic network, serotonin and adenosine The proposed studies will leverage the world’s largest collection of SUDEP brains to explore the role of specific histopathological and biomolecular abnormalities in the brain, focusing on critical brainstem regions and the neurotransmitters serotonin and adenosine. Role: PI National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Promotion U48 DP 005008-01S4 (PIs: T. Spruill, O. Devinsky) 9/1/2014 – 8/31/2019 Managing Epilepsy Well: Adapting Project UPLIFT for Hispanic Adults with Epilepsy This project proposes to translate and culturally tailor Project UPLIFT for Hispanic patients, then test and disseminate the Spanish version. Project UPLIFT is an evidence-based intervention that incorporates cognitive behavioral and mindfulness techniques to reduce depression in adults with epilepsy. Role: Co-Investigator NIH R01 EB 018308 (PIs: K.T. Block, H. Chandarana) 9/1/2014 - 8/31/2019 Comprehensive Motion-Robust Pediatric MR Imaging Using Radial Acquisitions The proposed project aims to develop novel motion-robust magnetic resonance imaging techniques and evaluate them in clinical studies for imaging of pediatric patients with Tuberous Sclerosis. Role: Co-Investigator

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. Rettco - Stock Tevard - Stock Engage - Stock Qstate - Stock Tilray - Stock Options Leafly - Stock Docklight - Stock Left coast ventures - Stock California Cannabis Enterprises - stock Receptor Life Sciences - Stock Egg Rock - Stock Empatica - Stock SilverSpike - Stock Regel Biosciences - stock Script biosciences - Stock

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Cherubino Di Lorenzo, MD,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Dr. Cherubino Di Lorenzo is funded by the Italian Ministry of Health grant (#08RC02).

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Colin P. Doherty, MD, FRCPI,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Neurodegenerative Disorders, a clinical guide. Springer 2011 Editor

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Elizabeth Felton, MD, PhD,
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Nutricia

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Nutricia

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Vitaflo through Johns Hopkins, (2) NeuroPace

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. Laura A. Healy, RD, PhD,
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  12. Pavel Klein, MD, FAAN, FAES,
    13. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Eisai; Sunovion; UCB Pharma, OB Pharma

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NO COMPENSATION- U.S. Patent Application No. 62/024,827 “KETOGENIC FOOD COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF” Applicant: OH! MBF Reference No.: 207953-9003- US00 Application No. 62/024,827 The application was filed on July 15, 2014. The patent application is for use of ketogenic foods for various medical conditions.

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. Self-employed: Mid-Atlantic Epilepsy and Sleep Center

    Consultancies:

    1. Consultant for Abbott, Arvelle Therapeutics, Abbott, Arvelle Therapeutics,

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. Speaker for Sunovion, a consultant and speaker for Aquestive, Eisai, Neurelis, SK Life Science and UCB Pharma

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. N/A

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  13. Magnhild Kverneland, RD,
    14. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Honorarium for speaking engagement for Nutricia Norway.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  14. Danielle Lambrechts, MD, PhD,
    15. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  15. Jennifer Langer, MD,
    16. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  16. Janak Nathan, MD,
    17. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  17. Jude Munn, RD,
    18. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  18. Patty Nguyen, RD,
    19. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  19. Matthew Phillips, FRACP,
    20. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. Received a grant for $25,000 NZD from the Waikato Medical Research Foundation for research purposes only.

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  20. Kelly Roehl, MS,
    21. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other activities:

    1. I own a small, private practice specializing in ketogenic diet therapy (Keto Dietitian Consulting, LLC)

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  21. Adrianna Tanner, MD, FAES,
    22. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Eisai Inc, Speaker Honoraria Sunovion, Speaker Honoraria Cambrooke, Speaker Honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. Eisai Inc Sunovion Cambrooke

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  22. Clare Williams, BHSc Hons and
    23. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  23. Beth Zupec-Kania, RD
    24. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Non-profit - The Charlie Foundation

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. (1) Ketogenic Diet Therapy for Epilepsy and Other Neurologic and Metabolic Based Conditions, Wolfe Rinke Associates, INC, 2019. (2)Full title: Ketogenic Diet Therapy for Epilepsy and Other Neurologic and Metabolic Based Conditions; a pre-approved, accredited CPE self-study program approved for 6 continuing professional units (CPEUs)

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) The Charlie Foundation

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. Department of Neurology (MCC), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Matthew's Friends Clinics for Ketogenic Dietary Therapies (SW), Lingfield, Surrey, United Kingdom; Complex Epilepsy and Sleep Service (MB, JM), The Barberry, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (AB, KR), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (EB), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (M-GB), University of Colorado, Denver; Department of Neurology (OD), New York University School of Medicine; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies (CDL), Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Italy; Academic Unit of Neurology (CPD), Trinity College Dublin & FutureNeuro, Ireland; Department of Neurology (EF), UW Health, Madison; Department of Clinical Nutrition (LAH), St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Mid-Atlantic Epilepsy and Sleep Center (PK), Bethesda, MD; National Center for Epilepsy (MK), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (DL), Academic Center for Epileptology, Kempenhaeghe and Maastricht University Medical Center, Heeze, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology (JL), University of Virginia, Charlottesville; Department of Neurology (JN), Shushrusha Hospital, Mumbai, India; Charles Dent Metabolic Unit (PN), University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (MP), Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand; Mercy Health Hauenstein Neurosciences (AT), Grand Rapids, MI; Department of Dietetics and Foodservices (CW), Mater Group, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; and The Charlie Foundation for Ketogenic Therapies (BZ-K), Santa Monica, CA.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Cervenka Mcerven1{at}jhmi.edu

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